<html xmlns:v="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:vml" xmlns:o="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" xmlns:w="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:word" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40">
<head>
<meta http-equiv=Content-Type content="text/html; charset=us-ascii">
<meta name=Generator content="Microsoft Word 11 (filtered medium)">
<style>
<!--
/* Style Definitions */
p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal
{margin:0in;
margin-bottom:.0001pt;
font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Times New Roman";}
h2
{mso-margin-top-alt:auto;
margin-right:0in;
mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;
margin-left:0in;
font-size:18.0pt;
font-family:"Times New Roman";}
a:link, span.MsoHyperlink
{color:blue;
text-decoration:underline;}
a:visited, span.MsoHyperlinkFollowed
{color:purple;
text-decoration:underline;}
span.EmailStyle17
{mso-style-type:personal-compose;
font-family:Arial;
color:windowtext;}
p.affiliation, li.affiliation, div.affiliation
{mso-margin-top-alt:auto;
margin-right:0in;
mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;
margin-left:0in;
font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Times New Roman";}
p.abstract, li.abstract, div.abstract
{mso-margin-top-alt:auto;
margin-right:0in;
mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;
margin-left:0in;
font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Times New Roman";}
@page Section1
{size:8.5in 11.0in;
margin:1.0in 1.3in 1.0in 1.25in;}
div.Section1
{page:Section1;}
-->
</style>
<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<o:shapedefaults v:ext="edit" spidmax="1026" />
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<o:shapelayout v:ext="edit">
<o:idmap v:ext="edit" data="1" />
</o:shapelayout></xml><![endif]-->
</head>
<body lang=EN-US link=blue vlink=purple>
<div class=Section1>
<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><font
size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:10.0pt'>Hi<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><font
size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:12.0pt'>Let me
introduce you our recent paper on the nested </span>theta- and
beta/gamma-oscillat<wbr>ions and neuronal avalanches. Please take a look if you
are interested.<o:p></o:p></font><O></O></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><font
size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'><a
href="http://www.pnas.org/cgi/reprint/0800537105v1"
title="blocked::http://www.pnas.org/cgi/reprint/0800537105v1">http://www.pnas.<wbr
title="blocked::http://www.pnas.org/cgi/reprint/0800537105v1">org/cgi/reprint/<wbr
title="blocked::http://www.pnas.org/cgi/reprint/0800537105v1">0800537105v1</a><O></O><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><span
class=ti><b><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
font-weight:bold'>1: <span
title="Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America."></span></font></b></span>Proc
Natl Acad Sci U S A.</span> 2008 May 22. <O></O><o:p></o:p></p>
<h2><b><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>Neuronal
avalanches organize as nested theta- and beta/gamma-oscillat<wbr>ions during
development of cortical layer 2/3.<O></O><o:p></o:p></span></font></b></h2>
<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><font
size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'><a
href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=pubmed&Cmd=Search&Term=%22Gireesh%20ED%22%5BAuthor%5D&itool=EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Pubmed.Pubmed_ResultsPanel.Pubmed_DiscoveryPanel.Pubmed_RVAbstractPlus"
title="blocked::http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=pubmed&Cmd=Search&Term="Gireesh ED"[Author]&itool=EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Pubmed.Pubmed_ResultsPanel.Pubmed_DiscoveryPanel.Pubmed_RVAbstractPlus"><b><span
title="blocked::http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=pubmed&Cmd=Search&Term="Gireesh ED"[Author]&itool=EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Pubmed.Pubmed_ResultsPanel.Pubmed_DiscoveryPanel.Pubmed_RVAbstractPlus"><span
style='font-weight:bold'><!--AuthorList-->Gireesh ED</span></span></b></a>, <a
href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=pubmed&Cmd=Search&Term=%22Plenz%20D%22%5BAuthor%5D&itool=EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Pubmed.Pubmed_ResultsPanel.Pubmed_DiscoveryPanel.Pubmed_RVAbstractPlus"
title="blocked::http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=pubmed&Cmd=Search&Term="Plenz D"[Author]&itool=EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Pubmed.Pubmed_ResultsPanel.Pubmed_DiscoveryPanel.Pubmed_RVAbstractPlus"><b><span
title="blocked::http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=pubmed&Cmd=Search&Term="Plenz D"[Author]&itool=EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Pubmed.Pubmed_ResultsPanel.Pubmed_DiscoveryPanel.Pubmed_RVAbstractPlus"><span
style='font-weight:bold'>Plenz D</span></span></b></a>.<O></O><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=affiliation><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:12.0pt'>Laboratory of Systems Neuroscience, National Institute
of Mental Health, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892.<O></O><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=abstract><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
12.0pt'>Maturation of the cerebral cortex involves the spontaneous emergence of
distinct patterns of neuronal synchronization, which regulate neuronal
differentiation, synapse formation, and serve as a substrate for information
processing. The intrinsic activity patterns that characterize the maturation of
cortical layer 2/3 are poorly understood. By using microelectrode array
recordings in vivo and in vitro, we show that this development is marked by the
emergence of nested - and beta/gamma-oscillat<wbr>ions that require NMDA- and
GABA(A)-mediated synaptic transmission. The oscillations organized as neuronal
avalanches, i.e., they were synchronized across cortical sites forming diverse
and millisecond-<wbr>precise spatiotemporal patterns that distributed in sizes
according to a power law with a slope of -1.5. The correspondence between nested
oscillations and neuronal avalanches required activation of the dopamine D(1)
receptor. We suggest that the repetitive formation of neuronal avalanches
provides an intrinsic template for the selective linking of external inputs to
developing superficial layers.<O></O><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><font
size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:12.0pt'>Best
regards</span><o:p></o:p></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Arial'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Arial'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><em><b><i><font size=2 color=blue face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;color:blue;font-weight:bold'>Elakkat D. Gireesh</span></font></i></b></em><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><em><b><i><font size=2 color=blue face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;color:blue;font-weight:bold'>Section on Critical Brain
Dynamics</span></font></i></b></em><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><em><b><i><font size=2 color=blue face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;color:blue;font-weight:bold'>NIMH, NIH</span></font></i></b></em><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><em><b><i><font size=2 color=blue face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;color:blue;font-weight:bold'>Ph: 301-451-2868;
301-661-4532</span></font></i></b></em><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
12.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
</body>
</html>